The building was built in 1818 by Monsignor Nicola Nicolai for the peasants of his country estate, on the 'Via Paradisi' travelled in the Visits of the Seven Churches. The entrance pronaos is attributed to Valadier and three plaster relief sketches, believed to be the work of Antonio Canova, can be admired in the portico.
 
P. Generoso Calenzio bought it with the adjoining house in 1889, and the generosity of Pope Pius XI helped the Fathers of the Roman Oratory to take possession of it again, in 1924, with the invitation to start collaborating with the Parish of St Paul Outside the Walls in the care of souls.
 
The new neighbourhood was in fact developing, also thanks to the transfer to Garbatella of families evicted from the old and unhealthy housing in the city centre; and the problem of religious assistance was becoming urgent for that heterogeneous population far from the churches of the City.

The young Fr. Luigi Botton, who had moved there from Vallicella, had in fact transformed a 'vaccheria' made available by the Santambrogio family into a chapel and celebrated Midnight Mass there, as the Chiesoletta was now unable to accommodate all the people.
 
The Congregation in Rome felt that the work that was being set up at Garbatella was an important one, and various Fathers of Vallicella, with no small sacrifice, went to support the Brother's activities on Sundays and feast days.
 
It is not without significance that it was to those humble premises that the Roman Congregation, led by Fr. Paolo Caresana, a friend and confessor of Monsignor Montini, destined precious reminders of the apostolic activity exercised by St. Philip Neri in the heart of old Rome: to emphasise the continuity of the work, it was brought to the Garbatella, from the land formerly purchased by Fr. Colloredo in Borgo Vittorio for the recreation of the brothers of the Secular Oratory and expropriated in 1928, a valuable bas-relief of St Philip in ecstasy was brought to Garbatella from the land formerly purchased by Fr Colloredo in Borgo Vittorio for the recreation of the brothers of the Secular Oratory and expropriated in 1928, a valuable bas-relief of St Philip in ecstasy that adorned the altar of the "Garden"; and from that "garden" some orange trees were also taken, to transplant them to Garbatella, one of which is still present, like the bas-relief in front of the portico of St Eurosia, in Via delle Sette Chiese.
 
Thanks to the pastoral work carried out by the Fathers, the time became ripe for the erection of a new Parish, which was dedicated to St Francis Xavier. To the Oratorians, who remained there to continue their apostolate, Card. Vicar Marchetti Selvaggiani assigned in 1933 the task of devoting themselves, in a special way, to the care of the young by organising an Oratory, which continues to carry out its work.
 
Thanks to the interest of the then Monsignor Giambattista Montini - the future Paul VI - the Congregation was allocated the generous offerings made available to the Supreme Pontiff Pius XII by the American couple Thomas and Irene Bradley: the large building of the Baronio Institute and the parish church of San Filippo Neri in Eurosia were built, which continues in its title to recall the history of the Chiesoletta, but also that of the first Christian generations of Rome, whose catacombs lie beneath these grounds.